Skip to main content

Table 1 Chromatin modifiers, binding factors and functions of selected PTMs on histones

From: Epigenetic modifications of histones in cancer

Histones

Modification

Modifiers

Binding factors

Functions

Reference

H2A

K119Ub1

RING1A/B

BAP1, USP16, USP21, 2A-DUB, USP3, USP22

 

Transcriptional repression

[12, 13]

H2AX

S139p (γH2AX)

ATM, ATR, DNA-PK

PP2A, Wip1, PP6 and PP4

MDC1, CRB2

DNA repair

[14]

H2B

K120Ub1

RNF20, RNF40

USP3, USP7, USP22

 

Transcriptional activation, DNA damage response

[15]

H3

K4me1/2/3

SET1A/B, MLL1-4

KDM1A/B, KDM2A/B, KDM5A/B/C/D

BRWD2/PHIP, MLL,TAF3, CHD1,RAG2, BPTF, PHF2/6/8, JMJD2

Transcriptional activation

[16,17,18]

K9me1/2/3

Suv39H1/2, G9a, GLP, SETDB1

KDM1A, KDM3A/B, JMJD1C, KMD4A/B/C/D

HP1, ATRX

Transcriptional activation (K9me1), repression (K9me2/3), X-inactivation and imprinting (K9me2)

[19]

S10p

Aurora B, MSK/RSK/Jil-1

PP2A, PP1

14–3-3ζ

Mitosis, meiosis, transcriptional activation

[20]

R26me2

CARM1

PADI4

 

Transcriptional activation

[21]

K27 ac

CBP/p300

HDACs

BRDs

Transcriptional activation

[22]

K27me1/2/3

EZH1/2

KDM6A/B, KDM7A, PHF8

EED, PC, CBX7

Transcriptional activation (K27me1); Transcriptional silencing, X-inactivation, bivalent genes/gene poising (K27me2/3)

[23]

K36me1/2/3

NSD1–3, SETD2/3, ASH1L, SETMAR, SMYD2

KDM2A/B, KDM4A/B/C/D, JHDM1A

ZYMND11, PHF19, LEDGF

Transcriptional elongation, repression, DNA repair

[19]

K79me1/2/3

DOT1L

?

p53BP1

Transcriptional activation

[24]

H4

K20me1

PR-Set7

LSD1n

CRB2, p53BP1

Transcriptional activation

[25, 26]

K20me2/3

SUV4-20H1/2

LSD1n, DPY-21

CRB2, p53BP1, JMJD2

Transcriptional silencing, Heterochromatin

[25, 27]

K16 ac

MOF

HDACs, Sirt2

BRDs

Transcriptional activation, DNA repair

[28, 29]