Fig. 3

Genetic relationships of wild pears in different geographical regions. a Wild pear distribution in different geographical regions. b Population structure (K = 3) of all 57 wild accessions. Each color corresponds to a single population as noted. Each accession is represented by a vertical bar. Different color represents the probability of an accession belonging to a different genetic background. c PCA plots of wild accessions. d Phylogenetic tree of wild pear accessions and admixed genetic component of some species. e Distribution of F_ST values between three major wild groups. f ϴπ values of different pear groups. Asian group II, wild accessions distributed in south and west regions of China; Asian group III, wild accessions distributed in the northeast region of China. European group I was split into three subgroups: Central Asia, West Asia, and the European mainland. g Lineage homologies of wild accessions of both Asian and European pears by identity-by-descent (IBD)