From: A comprehensive survey of the mutagenic impact of common cancer cytotoxics
Drug | Class | Mechanism | DT40 treatment duration | DT40 treatment concentration | DT40 IC50 | Clinical usage | Clinical usage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total plasma concentration | Reference | ||||||
Cisplatin | Alkylating-like agent | DNA adducts, crosslinks | 1 h | 10 μM | 9.4 μM | 1.3–3.9 μM | [70] |
Cyclophosphamide | Alkylating-like agent | DNA adducts, crosslinks | 1 h | 30 mM | 67 mM | 38.3–76.6 μM | [71] |
Hydroxyurea | Antimetabolite | Ribonucleotide reductase inhibition | 24 h | 20 μM | 22 μM | 150 μM–1 mM | [72] |
Gemcitabine | Antimetabolite | Nucleoside analogue | 24 h | 6 nM | 10.9 nM | 53.2 μM | [73] |
5-Fluorouracil | Antimetabolite | Nucleoside analogue, thymidylate synthase inhibition | 24 h | 6 μM | 13.3 μM | 770 nM–5.4 μM | [74] |
Etoposide | Topoisomerase inhibitor | Topoisomerase II inhibition | 24 h | 200 nM | 234 nM | 46–194 nM | [75] |
Doxorubicin | Anthracycline | DNA intercalation, topoisomerase II inhibition | 24 h | 2 nM | 1.69 nM | 73.6 nM–1.16 μM | [76] |
Paclitaxel | Anti-microtubule agent | Stabilises microtubules, blocks mitosis | 24 h | 40 nM | 34 nM | 1.5–6 μM | [77] |