Gene ontology analysis for RNA-seq: accounting for selection bias

Table 2 Gene Ontology categories ranked in the top 25 in length bias adjusted GOseq but not in the standard method

GOID	Term	Ontology	Rank standard	Rank GOseq	Average gene length in category
GO:0006414	Translational elongation	BP	92	8	708*
GO:0000786	Nucleosome	CC	64	14	1,345*
GO:0006334	nucleosome assembly	BP	70	17	1,362*
GO:0043687	Post-translational protein modification	BP	50	20	1,830
GO:0019787	Small conjugating protein ligase activity	MF	65	25	1,928
GO:0016192	Vesicle-mediated transport	BP	28	22	2,765
GO:0006412	Translation	BP	104	23	1,472
GO:0051246	Regulation of protein metabolic process	BP	66	24	1,609

Three of these categories (marked with asterisks) have genes significantly shorter than average length (Mann-Whitney P-value < 0.05). BP, biological process; CC, cellular component; MF, molecular function.

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