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Table 3 BLAST parameters and options

From: Having a BLAST with bioinformatics (and avoiding BLASTphemy)

Parameter

Use

Parameter type

Default setting

(a) Parameters mentioned in the text and Box 2

   -M

Matrix

String

BLOSUM62

   -r

Reward for a nucleotide match (BLASTNonly)

Integer

1

   -q

Penalty for a nucleotide mismatch (BLASTNonly)

Integer

-3

   -G

Cost to open a gap (zero invokes default behavior)

Integer

0

   -E

Cost to extend a gap (zero invokes default behavior)

Integer

0

   -F

Filter query sequence

String

T

   -W

Word size; default length is used if set to zero

Integer

0

   -z

Effective length of the database (use zero to get the real size)

Real

0

   -e

Expectation value (E)

Real

10.0

(b) Additional useful parameters

   -i

Name of the query file

Filename

"stdin"

   -m

Alignment viewing options, which include:

  
 

   0 Pairwise alignment

  
 

   1 Query-anchored showing identities

  
 

   2 Query-anchored, no identities

  
 

   7 XML output

Integer

0

   -o

Name of the BLAST report output file

Filename

"stdout"

   -f

Threshold for extending hits; default is used if set to zero

Integer

0

   -g

Perform gapped alignment (not available with TBLASTX)

T/F

T

   -Y

Effective length of the search space (use zero get the real size)

Real

0

   -S

Query strands to search against the database (for BLAST [NX], and TBLASTX) 3 is both, 1 is top, 2 is bottom

Integer

3

   -T

Produce HTML output

T/F

F

   -y

Drop-off (X) for BLAST extensions, in bits (0.0 invokes default behavior)

Real

0.0

   -Z

X drop-off value for final gapped alignment (in bits)

Integer

0

  1. Parameters are preceded by a dash when used with the stand-alone version of BLAST; the web interfaces uses boxes and drop-down menus to control many of the same parameters. Parameters are given in the table in the order that they are mentioned in the text or on using NCBI-BLAST; additional parameters are listed at the NCBI [38]. Abbreviations: T/F, true or false; for BLAST variants see Table 1. 'Query-anchored' means that the query string is used as the 'top line' of the alignment.